Lawrence Livermore partners with Native American carbon researchers to help support Marshallese resettlement

LIVERMORE, Calif. -- Researchers from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and a team of American Indian scientists and engineers have partnered to study the possible use of Black Earth technology, or Cpryo, to help mitigate the uptake of radiocesium in locally grown foods in the Marshall Islands.

After World War II, the United States conducted 66 nuclear detonations between 1946 and 1958, on once-pristine inhabited atolls of Bikini and Enewetak in the northern Marshall Islands. The detonations contaminated the islands with radioactive fallout. Long-lived radionuclides such as radiocesium remain at different levels in indigenous terrestrial plants that may be used as food.

To help reduce levels of radiation exposure and support ongoing efforts by Marshall Islanders to resettle their ancestral homelands, the contaminated coral soils need to be remediated as a best practice under the general principles of ALARA -- As Low As Reasonably Achievable.

"Terra Mulata, an ancient indigenous Amazon Black Earth technology, will be investigated at Lawrence Livermore and on the atolls this year," said Dan Hawk, a climate change expert, and lead researcher within the American Indian team. "Our team expects carbon, the main ingredient of Terra Mulata, to significantly improve plant productivity as well as water/nutrient retention of coral soils, and potentially help decrease radiocesium uptake in plants."

Together with existing recommendations on remediation of radiocesium uptake into tree-crop products such as coconut, this work may provide an alternative method to using large amounts of chemical fertilizers as opposed to a one-time application of Cpryo, especially for use in home vegetable gardens, said Terry Hamilton, head of LLNL's Marshall Island Program.

"We envision that this work will ultimately support food security and economic development of island communities, and provide added assurances on radiation safety and health," Hawk said. "We hope these efforts will help bring about dietary change to combat rampant indigenous diabetes; as the Marshall Islands has one of the highest rates of diabetes in the world."